IJEP 45(2): 130-137 : Vol. 45 Issue. 2 (February 2025)
Bhawana Sharma, Pankaj Mehta* and Preeti Verma
Central University of Jammu, Department of Environmental Sciences, Samba – 181 143, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Abstract
Proper solid waste management is essential for cities and communities to be sustainable, healthy and environmentally-friendly. Only a small portion of municipal solid waste is properly disposed of in developing nations; the remainder is left on the streets or dumped in open landfills. Effective solid waste management systems (SWMS) are a priority for most nations, aiming to manage and dispose of daily waste in a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable manner. The present study examines the composition of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Jammu city, highlighting distinct patterns across various socio-economic groups. The assessment of solid waste generation is based on key socio-economic parameters, such as education, occupation, family income and household size. The socio-economic status of respondents was determined using Kuppuswamy’s scale and a structured questionnaire survey was conducted to identify the influence of socio-economic factors on waste generation rates and composition. The findings reveal that the average waste generation rate in Jammu city is 0.53 kg/capita/day, with the middle socio-economic group (MSEG) producing the highest amount at 0.75 kg/capita/day. Waste characterization indicates that the MSEG generates the largest proportion of biodegradable waste (55.36%), whereas inert waste is the most prevalent (44.34%) in the lower socio-economic group (LSEG). Higher-income groups contribute a greater share of recyclable waste (paper, plastic, glass and metal), reflecting increased consumption of processed and packaged goods. Additionally, the proportion of inorganic and non-compostable waste decreases as socio-economic status declines. This study provides valuable insights int relationship between socio-economic factors and household waste generation. The findings emphasize the need for tailored waste management strategies that account for socio-economic disparities to effectively address the diverse composition of MSW in urban areas, like Jammu city. This study provides a valuable framework for future research and policy development, emphasizing the need for data-driven, inclusive approaches to address the growing challenge of urban waste management in rapidly developing cities, like Jammu.
Keywords
Municipal solid waste management, Socio-economic status, Segregation, Sustainability, Waste management
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