IJEP 41(2): 123-129 : Vol. 41 Issue. 2 (February 2021)
Bright O. Uba1, Edna I. Chukwura2, Ebele L. Okoye2, Ify O. Emmy-Egbe Ubani1 and Onyedikachi3*
1. Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Department of Microbiology, Uli, Anambra State, Nigeria
2. Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Department of Applied Microbiology and Brewing, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
3. University of South Africa, Department of Environmental Sciences, Florida Campus, Roodepoort, 1709, South Africa
Abstract
The aim of this study is to assess the toxicity of marine sediment and representative aromatic hydrocarbon samples on the growth of microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum and the seed of Sinapsis alba. The methods employed for the toxicological evaluation involve physico-chemical analysis of the marine sediment, marine algal toxicity test using microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum and phytotoxicity testing using Sinapsis alba (mustard seed). The results showed that both Abonema and Nembe waterside sediment samples had higher fractions of physico–chemical parameters than Onne sampled locations. Marine algal toxicity testing revealed that the positive control (K2Cr2O7) had the highest EC50 value of 8.07±0.03 mg/L with CV and r2 values of 68.61% and 0.99 while pyrene Nembe sediment had the least EC50 value of 4.63±0.01 mg/L with CV and r2 values of 78.27% and 0.98 with very strong significant positive linear relationship between an algal number and sample concentrations (P<0.05). The phytotoxicity testing also showed that the most inhibitory effect was produced by pyrene + Onne sediment sample with GI and CV values of 7.14±0.023% and 0.37% while the least inhibitory effect was produced by xylene + distilled water sample with GI and CV values of 28.57±0.03% and 0.18%. These observations revealed aquatic and terrestrial toxicity potentials of these test samples and prompt measures should be deployed to abate their menace in the Rivers State marine environment.
Keywords
Acute toxicity, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Aromatic hydrocarbons, Sinapsis alba, Marine sediment
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