Bioremediation of Heavy Metal Lead from Contaminated Water with the Leaves of Edible, Medicinal Herb Alternanthera sessilis – Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies

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IJEP 42(1): 3-14 : Vol. 42 Issue. 1 (January 2022)

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Sobha Kota1*, Swathi Kiran Mandava1, Vijaya Lakshmi Kambala1, Naveena Sanagapalli1, Yadagiri Premsai1, Sai Vivek Kota2 and Ratna Kumari Anantha3

1. RVR and JC College of Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, Chowdavaram, Guntur – 522 019, Andhra Pradesh, India
2. Vasireddy Venkatadri Institute of Technology, Department of Civil Engineering, Namburu – 522 508, Andhra Pradesh, India
3. Acharya nagarjuna University, Centre for Biotechnology, Guntur – 522 010, Andhra Pradesh, India

Abstract

Powdered leaves of Alternanthera sessilis used for the adsorption studies of lead with contact time, pH, initial metal ion concentration, adsorbent dosage and temperature as influencing parameters, revealed a very rapid uptake of metal during the first 30 min and the best fit kinetic and isotherm models were pseudo second order and Langmuir, respectively. The optimum contact time, initial pH and adsorbent dosage were 120 min, 5.0 and 1 g/L, respectively with the maximum uptake capacity for lead as 32.25 mg/g. Thermodynamic studies revealed the spontaneous and endothermic nature of adsorption. Optimization of parameters was attempted with response surface methodology and differential evolutionary algorithms. The adsorbent characterization, before and after adsorption, by SEM-EDS, FTIR and XRD suggests the adsorption of lead ions through chemisorption, ion-exchange and complexation. The results reveal the potential of Alternanthera sessilis as an adsorbent for the removal of lead from contaminated water.

Keywords

Contaminated water, Lead, Health hazard, Alternan-thera sessilis, Medicinal herb

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