IJEP 42(6): 703-709 : Vol. 42 Issue. 6 (June 2022)
1. Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Department of Civil Engineering, Lucknow-226 021, U.P., India
2. Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Department of Civil Engineering, Gorakhpur-273 016, U.P., India
3. Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, School of Environmental Sciences, Lucknow-226 025, U.P., India
Abstract
Gomti river, the main tributary of Ganga river receives huge amount of untreated effluents through various point and non-point sources along its stretch. The application of QUAL 2K model simulates the water quality of some major drains applied as point sources for a selected stretch of Gomti river. The analysis involved the calibration of winter season (Dec-Jan 2018) data and validation of summer season (April-May 2019) data for flow discharge (Q), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and total suspended solids (TSS). The performance of the model was measured by statistical method of correlation coefficient (R2)=±0.30 to ±0.57 (moderate to high degree) between two variables, observed and simulated data. The results showed that there was continuous deterioration of DO (6.4±0.7), while increase in BOD5 (2.6±108) signifies that the water is neither suitable for drinking nor for aquatic life and also unfit for irrigation. The results of simulation were validated and showed close relationship with observed values. Assessment of the present status of the Gomti river indicates that stringent measures (wastewater treatment plants) and soft measures have to be taken to save sanctity of the river.
Keywords
Gomti river, QUAL 2K, River pollution, Drains, Point sources, Water quality prediction, Simulation
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