IJEP 43(2): 175-183 : Vol. 43 Issue. 2 (February 2023)
1. Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha – 761 211, India
2. Fakir Mohan University, PG Department of Environmental Science, Balasore, Odisha – 756 001, India
Abstract
The present study is dealing with the study of physico-chemical parameters of the sediment of river Kathajodi in the vicinity of Cuttack city, Odisha, India. The river Kathajodi is the branch river of Mahanadi which receives anthropogenic and geogenic pollutants from its catchment area throughout the year. The river carries industrial effluents, municipal sewage and agricultural runoff from Cuttack city and gathered sediment rapidly during post- monsoon season in its basin. In the present study, 5 sediment samples were collected and analysed the physico-chemical parameters, determined the geo-accumulation index and enrichment factor. During the study, 89.3% of sand, 3.71% of silt, 3.16% of clay were estimated in the sediment samples of the study area whereas maximum of 1.56% organic carbon and 0.88% of organic matter was estimated at sampling site S-4 in the Kathajodi river. As per the analysis of sediment, the heavy metals, such as Mn (324.4 mg/kg), Fe (35.1 g/kg), Pb (55.1 mg/kg), Ni (125.9 mg/kg), Cu (118.4 mg/kg), Cd (14.2 mg/kg), Zn (237.44 mg/kg) were found at different sites of Kathajodi river in the nearby areas of Cuttack city. High percentages of nutrients, such as N, P, K were determined, that is N=264.5%, P=56.8%, K=214.8% near Kathajodi bridge (location-S4). The sediment contamination was also estimated by studies of the enrichment factor (EF) of the study area. A high EF value was found (1<EF<3) which showed a moderate pollution load on the sediment. The estimation of geo-accumulation index of Kathajodi river was determined and found to be on higher level (Igeo>2) which indicated the contamination of the sediment by different metal ions. PLI value>1.0 indicate high pollutant present in sediment. This leads direct impact on Kathajodi river ecosystem. The enchantment of toxic metals in sediment also polluted the surface water and maybe percolated into groundwater which may lead to water-borne disease in the community of urban people of Cuttack city.
Keywords
Sediment, Heavy metals, nutrients, Enrichment factor, Organic matter
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