Sewer Network Planning and Optimization using SewerGEMS: A Sustainable Approach

Urbanization and population growth present major challenges for water management, especially in low-lying areas where effective drainage systems are vital to prevent flooding and minimize pollution. This study focuses on addressing sanitation infrastructure issues in a city where open drains, intended for stormwater, also carry domestic wastewater, posing health risks. The objective is to design underground sewerage system using SewerGEMS software and geographic information system tools. The research involved detailed planning, surveying and the establishment of 27 temporary benchmarks using chain and compass methods, referenced from a global telecommunication system benchmark at a nearby railway station. Population projections estimated a rise from 99,250 in 2026 to 127,110 by 2056, using historical census data and arithmetic, geometric and incremental methods. Sewage flow was calculated based on a daily per capita water supply of 135 L, with 80% contributing to sewage, incorporating infiltration and institutional demands across near (2026), intermediate (2041) and final (2056) stages. The study analyzed eight zones, showing significant increases in both population and sewage flow. Zone-1’s population will grow from 12,580 to 15,915 people, with flow increasing from 1.566 million L/day (MLD) to 1.983 MLD, while zone-8 will rise from 10,259 to 14,923 people, with flow from 1.304 to 1.871 MLD. Required pipeline lengths range from 6,650.30-15,819.40 m, using double wall corrugated and reinforced cement concrete pipes of varying diameters. The findings emphasize the urgent need for infrastructure upgrades and efficient water resource planning to support future urban development.