IJEP 41(2): 141-153 : Vol. 41 Issue. 2 (February 2021)
1. University Ibn-Tofail, Laboratory Materials, Electrochemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Kenitra, Morocco
2. University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Laboratory Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty Polydisciplinary of Taza, Route of Oujda, Taza Station, Morocco
3. High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, ISPITS, Agadir, Morocco
Abstract
The objective of this study is to study the spatio-temporal dynamics of different bacterial populations of faecal origin (total aerobic mesophilic flora, faecal coliforms, total coliforms, faecal Streptococci and sulphite-reducing anaerobes) as a function of physico-chemical variables at the level of the Oued Larbaa and its tributaries. In order to illustrate the impact of physico-chemical parameters on the distribution of bacterial flora in this aquatic ecosystem, a multi-dimensional statistical study using principal component analysis (PCA) in combination with hierarchical ascending classification (HAC) was carried out during two different environmental conditions (summer and rainy season). Our results showed that the distribution of faecal microorganisms in the environment is most often influenced by environmental factors in the receiving environment, in particular biodegradable organic matter, dissolved oxygen, suspended solids, pH, temperature, as well as parameters indicative of water mineralization in terms of electrical conductivity, salinity, dry residues and total dissolved solids. These correlations established between bacterial loads and environmental factors significantly control the survival of these bacteria, which become more or less adapted to these environmental changes and maybe the cause of possible infection. This variation in the level of bacterial contamination is further accentuated by the input of raw domestic wastewater discharges and the practice of market gardening on the banks of this ecosystem, which is very much frequented by livestock and domestic animals.
Keywords
Statistical analyses, Microbiological and physico-chemical pollution, Oued Larbaa and its tributaries, Northern Morocco
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