IJEP 42(10): 1241-1246 : Vol. 42 Issue. 10 (October 2022)
Sri Krishna College of Engineering Technology, Department of Civil Engineering, Coimbatore, India
Abstract
Wastewater treatment in semi-natural systems is a technique that can be applied to natural wetlands such as swamps, medicinal plants and paddy fields, ponds, man-made lagoons, etc. Constructed wetlands especially the marsh areas are equipped for wastewater treatment. Man-made wetlands have various basic shapes with different flow characteristics. The positive response zone of artificial wetlands is the root zone (rhizosphere). This is where physio-chemical and biological processes take place due to the interaction of plants, microorganisms, soil and pollutants. In this study, chemical parameters of the sewage wastewater were analyzed and found contaminants are present in that wastewater. For reducing the contaminants of the sewage wastewater, a wetland was constructed using the plant Canna indica. Treatment efficiency varied according to changes in the hydraulic loading rate and temperature applied in the wetland. The plant species results show that the removal efficiency of the Canna indica for BOD, COD, SO4 and Cl– were 59.9%, 61.2%, 49.5% and 48.2%, respectively. The wastewater obtained through wetland construction is within the standard limit so wetland construction using Canna indica reduced the risks to the water bodies as well as to the environment.
Keywords
Rhizosphere, Sewage, Loading rate, Macrophytes, Contaminants, Efficiency
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