Sustainable Development Through Smart Cities: Issues and Challenges

IJEP 42(9): 1108-1115 : Vol. 42 Issue. 9 (September 2022)

Kush Kalra1*, Pradeep Kulshrestha2 and Bhanu Tanwar1

1. University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), School of Law, Dehradun – 248 007, Uttarakhand, India
2. Sharda University, Greater Noida – 201 310, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract

Smart city is about incorporating ‘smart thinking’ in the city’s urban design and planning with a focus on people place and planet. Cities around the world have taken a conscious effort in adopting smart city concepts and strategies to shape better cities for our environment. However, smart and sustainable city concepts need to be viewed together by integrating good planning and design into their physical and social fabric with a focus on people, place and planet alongwith information and communication technologies (ICT) to improve the quality of life of the city and its people. Through technology, cities can function more efficiently and adapt to their new environments better by utilising real-time data monitoring, assessment and sharing as information is received and can optimise decision-making to better understand and improve the status quo and quality of city life. A smart and sustainable city should be discussed together and should focus on encompassing three core values—people, place and planet while highlighting planning and design with ‘smart thinking’ as the central themes of developing smart and sustainable cities. This article will explore how smart and sustainable environment is achieved when applying ‘smart thinking’ to the city’s development with various cities as a case study of the principles.

Keywords

Sustainable city, Smart environment, Green building, Pollution, Water management, Energy efficiency

References

  1. R.K. Pachauri and L.A. Meyer. 2014. Climate change 2014 : Synthesis report. Contribution of groups I, II and III to the fifth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland.
  2. Calvillo, C.F., A.S. Miralles and J. Villar. 2016. Energy management and planning in smart cities. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 55:273-287. DOI:10.1016/j.rser.2015.10.133.
  3. Khansari, N., A. Mostashari and M. Mansouri. 2014. Impacting sustainable behaviour of planning in smart city. Int. J. Sustain. Landuse Urban Plan. 1(2):46-61.
  4. Smale, R., V.B. Van and G. Spaargaren. 2017. When social practices meet smart grids : Flexibility, grid management and domestic consumption in The Netherlands. Energy Res. Soc. Sci., 34:132-140. DOI:10.1016/j.erss.2017. 06.037.
  5. Moreno-Munez, A., et al. 2016. Mobile social media for smart grids customer engagement : Emerging trends and challenges. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 53:1611-1616. DOI:10.1016/j.rser.2015.09. 077.
  6. Ejaz, W., et al. 2016. Efficient energy management for internet of things in smart cities. IEEE Comm. Magazine. 55(1):84-91.
  7. Engazais, E., et al. 2011. Digital cities : Towards an integrated decision support methodology. Telematics Inf., 28(3):148-152.
  8. Azo Sensors. 2017. Four key indoor environmental parameters for indoor air quality. Available at : https://www. azosensors.com/article.aspx?Article ID=995.
  9. Doherty, P. 2013. Smart cities. How to build sustainable and resilient environments in an increasingly urbanized world. McGraw-Hill Financial Global Institute. Available at : www.mhfgl.com.
  10. Harrison, C., et al. 2010. Foundations for smarter cities. IBM J. Res. Develop., 54(4):1-16.
  11. Wolf, K.L. 2004. University of Washington. Avaiable at : http://www.cfr.washington.edu.
  12. Donovan, G.H. and J.P. Prestemon. 2010. The effect of trees on crime in Portland, Oregon. Env. behaviour. 44(1): 3-30.
  13. Department of Planning and Landscape Architecture. 2018. Urban green spaces in Madison. Available at: http://urpl.wise.edu.
  14. Naphade, M., et al. 2011. Smarter cities and their innovation challenges. Computer. 44(6):32-39.
  15. Healthy Parks Healthy People Central. 2018. Urban planning and the importance of green space in cities to human and environmental health. Available at. http://www.hphpcentral.com.
  16. Schuurman, D., et al. 2012. Smart ideas for smart cities : Investigating crowd sourcing for generating and selecting ideas for ICI innovation in a city context. J. Theoretical Appl. Electronic Commerce Res., 7(3):49-62.
  17. Betty, M., et al. 2012. Smart cities of the future. Europiean Phys. J. Spec. Top., 214(1):481-518.
  18. Cardwell, H.E., et al. 2009. Integrated water resources management : Definitions and conceptual musings. J. Contemp. Water Res. Educ., 135(1):8-18.
  19. GWP. 2000. Integrated water resources management (background paper no. 4). Technical Advisory Committee (TAC). Global Water Partnership, Sweden.
  20. NCT. 2016. Water policy for Delhi. Government of NCT of Delhi, New Delhi.
  21. Paquette, Danielle. 2017. Study says automation could replace nearly a third of the U.S. work force. Washington Post. pp A 13.
  22. Privacy Today. 2001. A review of current issues. Avaiable at : http://www.PrivacyRights.org.
  23. Toppeta, D. 2010. The smart city vision : How innovation and ICT can build smart ‘livable’, sustainable cities. The innovation knowledge foundation.
  24. Pelton, J.N. 2004. The rise of telecities: Decentralizing the global society. In Thinking creatively in turbulent times. Ed Howard Didsbury Jr. World Future Society, Berthesda, Maryland.