IJEP 45(6): 546-554 : Vol. 45 Issue. 6 (June 2025)
1. TERI School of Advanced Studies, Coca-Cola Department of Regional Water Studies, New Delhi – 110 070, India
2. Water and Sustainability Consultant, New Delhi, India
3. TERI School of Advanced Studies, IPCA Centre for Waste Management and Resarch, New Delhi – 110 070, India
Abstract
Mining chromite and producing ferrochrome alloy require a significant amount of water, which poses environmental challenges in regions with limited water resources. This study aimed to provide suggestions for improving water use in these industries by conducting a thorough water audit at the Sukinda chromite mine and Athagarh ferrochrome plant in Odisha, India. The study involved collecting extensive data, monitoring water flow and analysing water quality to identify key areas of water use, wastage and opportunities for improvement. The findings revealed substantial potential for improving water use, as large volumes of water were discharged after treatment, especially at the Sukinda chromite mine, where specific water consumption (SWC) was measured at 1.39 m³/tonne. At the Athagarh ferrochrome plant, the SWC was 3.12 m³/tonne, with a significant portion of total consumption attributed to domestic water use. These results indicate substantial opportunities for improving water recycling and reuse within these operations.
Keywords
Water audit, Chromite mining, Ferrochrome manufacturing, Water balance, Specific water consumption, Wastewater
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