IJEP 45(7): 670-676 : Vol. 45 Issue. 7 (July 2025)
1. iHub Anubhuti-IIITD Foundation, Okhla Industrial Estate, Phase III, New Delhi – 110 020, India
2. Synergy Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bhubaneswar – 752 101, Odisha, India
3. GITA Autonomous College, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bhubaneswar – 752 054, Odisha, India
4. Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pune – 411 038, India
5. National Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rourkela – 769 008, Odisha, India
6. Larsen and Toubro (L and T) Heavy Engineering, Surat – 394 517, Gujarat, India
Abstract
In rural Odisha, India, traditional biomass cook stoves, or chulas, are commonly used for cooking three times a day. These stoves burn wood, paddy husks and other agricultural residues, which results in substantial indoor air pollution due to inefficient combustion. The smoke produced contains harmful pollutants, including particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur oxides (SOx), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), formaldehyde and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). Exposure to these pollutants has been linked to various adverse health effects, such as chronic respiratory diseases, cardiovascular issues, skin irritations and exacerbation of pre-existing conditions. Additionally, the poor air quality from these stoves contributes to broader environmental concerns, including outdoor air pollution. To address these problems, a new smokeless chula has been developed, incorporating a dual-fuel system that combines primary fuel as biomass (such as wood and agricultural waste) with secondary fuel as superheated steam. This design aims to improve combustion efficiency and reduce harmful emissions. Utilizing both primary and secondary fuels, stove significantly improves thermal efficiency while reducing primary fuel consumption. Its environmentally-friendly design guarantees negligible smoke and achieves complete combustion. This work presents a stove design incorporating modern techniques to decrease emissions and improve thermal efficiency. The stove minimizes environmental damage and improves public health by concentrating on these characteristics. Compared to traditional stoves, this model establishes a 50% increase in efficiency due to forced draught and superheated steam. It also decreases cooking time, fuel usage and CO emissions.
Keywords
Smokeless stove, primary fuel, secondary fuel, LPG, environmental sustainability
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